History of karate

                 Gichin Funakoshi

Karate has in recent decades gained great popularity in the world. Nursing practice the millions of exercisers.The reasons for such a large expansion of karate can be found both in its original characteristics and values ​​(it is a skill that is applicable in specific situations and cases endangering personal safety or discipline which perfects man 's personality, etc.), as well as its present predominant orientation of and the transformation to a dynamic and exciting martial sport. So, karate and constantly attracts new and new ones who exercised, regardless of who mentioned aspect of karate is placed in the foreground (skill, sport, or perhaps recreation). This certainly shows superfluous and harmful all known disagreements between supporters of traditional karate and modern karate, which have long plagued the organizational work on the inclusion of karate to the family of Olympic sports. Of course, these two concepts and different approaches profiled karate have (each of them), its already established and tested argument, but also a number of common points of contact that are the basis for harmonization and cooperation, rather than unnecessary confrontation.Karate is a Japanese martial art of using all parts of the body for the purpose of self-defense. The word karate in Japanese means empty hand.Karate is the homeland of Okinawa island located south of Japan in the set Islands Ruy Kyu. Karate is particularly well known like the business end of martial skills using all parts of the body, especially the hands, feet, elbows, knees, etc.


    The origins of karate are not preserved reliable documents so it is difficult to pass judgment on the precise place and time of its creation. According to some legends, its appearance is closely related to the way of life within the monasteries of ancient India, where it is about 500 years BC transferred to the central part of Asia in the area of ​​mountain ranges of Tibet.Based on the fact it can be concluded that the karate developed in the vast spaces of the East and that bears his characteristic. Ancient culture, religion and philosophy Eastern nations have influenced the karate, replaced it and adapted to different needs. In the seventeenth century, karate is transferred from China to the island of Okinawa, that only a few decades later penetrated into Japan.

    Among the masters who have contributed to karate - empty hand skills - plucked from oblivion and re-affirming as one of the most effective methods of fighting and defense are especially appreciated Masatoši Nakajima, M. Ouama in H. Nišijama. However, most to Funakoši Gičin, which is considered the first reformer and founder of modern karate.Funakoši was born in year 1868. year on Okinawa. First conceived systematization karate techniques and first appeared on the principles and ways of translating karate skills in karate sport. Defined and systemized Hean and pinan kate kate on which he founded his modern interpretation of karate. Gičin Funakoši He died in 1957 in 88 age.

    The Western world has the opportunity to become more familiar karate just after the Second World War. Year 1952. Karate started in his first peacetime mission by U.S. soil. The first ambassador of the new sports disciplines were Japanese instructors at U.S. military bases. A few years later karate arrived in Europe and the first in West Germany, France and Spain, and has already 1963rd appears in Yugoslavia. Incredible speed NICU assets, clubs, clubs, seminars are organized at all levels. No sport before and even after that, not so fast spreading in our country as it was the case with karate sport. Year 1970. admitted to SOFK in Yugoslavia as an independent sport. Based on the number of medals won at the world and European competitions compared to other sports in the state of karate in the upper part of the table.Because of the specificity and quality that defines him as a skill and as a sport, karate is a very happy and accepted by the younger and the older male and female athletes. Because of its quality karate is affirmed as one of the major attractions of physical education in special units of the Army, Police and programs of courses with special purposes.

    Karate is a physical discipline that belongs to the 'hard' martial styles and is suitable for young people, bursting with energy and the need to learn channeled, disciplined. Karate develops basic human qualities such as discipline, self-control, perseverance, cooperation, behavior in relation to themselves and others. Therefore play an important role in the proper development of young people. But it is also useful for the elderly, where the emphasis is not on the fighting aspect rather than on coordination, loosen up, fitness and relaxation.


    Karate as a sport
COMPETITION
Competitions taking place around the world share the three disciplines:

    a) KATA
    b) KUMITE
    v) BUNKAI

    a) KATA a set of movements that are performed by a strictly defined sequence and the corresponding rhythm. Kate has multiple functions. First of all floors is a method of learning skills through the floor to learn movement, attitudes, techniques, developing a sense of space and distance, gained strength, stamina and speed, teaches proper breathing, acquired reflexes. Depending on which aspect of the art of dealing, kate are divided into kate breathing kata kata power and speed. Each deals with the development of a particular aspect of the art of the fighter. Of course, there are student kate aimed at the training of beginners the basics of the art of keeping the same at higher levels of training. The mental aspect of Kate's method of learning body and floor was and still is one of the basic tools of this type of exercise. Kate is a type of breathing exercise whose aim and purpose of activation and control of KI energy. These are specific exercises that require an experienced teacher whose instruction must comply literally or floors to be simply a collection of movements that has no positive effect on the exercisers.

    b) KUMITE a competitive discipline where the offensive and defensive techniques practically applied. It is a fight against an opponent with the use of certain attitudes, punches and blocks.Opponents are trying to give him a second set fast, precise and controlled shock hands and feet (hand and foot) in certain parts of the body, at the same time refusing or avoiding such attacks, and snamerom to incapacitate an opponent for further action.In the struggle to apply different methods, disrupting the opponent's balance, with the intention to be an opportune time dealt a blow in unprotected vital point. Specific attitudes and a particular way of movement contribute to the efficiency of attack and defense.

    v) BUNKAI-analysis or interpretation (ojo bunkaj)-storey movement. Techniques-within-technique revealed through constant exercise for kate and bunkaja. Kate is nothing more elegant than physical exercise. Bunkai the base, to which this application relies.